Installing ArchLinux
ArchLinux
ArchLinux installation instructions is found here.
This is supposed to be a shorter comprehensive description on how I usually do a basic installation of ArchLinux. This note does not describe how you install a desktop system.
Start by downloading an iso using a link found here (for a more direct link see references).
Installation
Boot the iso and when on the prompt start by loading correct keyboard
layout if needed, see available keymaps in /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/
.
E.g. for Swedish keyboard:
# loadkeys sv-latin1
Partition the disk
# fdisk /dev/sda
In fdisk
create a new partition by pressing n
and for a simple installation
it is enough with one parition for the entire disk.
Create file system and mount the parition
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
# mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
Install base packages, optionally also base-devel
packages, dhcp server and
an editor, on the mounted partition. It can be a good idea to first edit
/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
and select only the mirrors to use.
# pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux vim dhcpcd
Generate /etc/fstab
# genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
Change root into the installed system
# arch-chroot /mnt
Set time zone and clock
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Stockholm /etc/localtime
# hwclock --systohc
Set locale by uncommenting the line for locale in/etc/locale.gen
e.g.
for Swedish and US locales:
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
sv_SE.UTF-8 UTF-8
Now generate the locales:
# locale-gen
Set LANG
variable and other locale related variables
in /etc/locale.conf
:
LANG=C
LC_NUMERIC=sv_SE.utf8
LC_TIME=C
LC_MONETARY=sv_SE.utf8
LC_PAPER=sv_SE.utf8
LC_MEASUREMENT=sv_SE.utf8
With this configuration language in the console will be english, dates in english but all other as standard for a Swede.
Set keyboard layout peristent in /etc/vconsole.conf
:
KEYMAP=sv-latin1
Set hostname in /etc/hostname
and set hosts file /etc/hosts
to
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost
Create initram
# mkinitcpio -p linux
Set root password
# passwd
Install grub
bootloader
# pacman -S grub
# grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Exit chroot and reboot
# exit
# reboot
Configuration
When rebooted, log in as root with the password set above.
Networking
Start dhcp daemon and enable it persistent:
# systemctl start dhcpcd
# systemctl enable dhcpcd
Users
Add a user, e.g. with username arch
# useradd -m -G users -s /bin/bash arch
# passwd arch
Configure sudo
Enable sudo
by adding user to sudo group and make members of sudo able to
do sudo
# pacman -S sudo
Edit sudo properties with the command:
# visudo
Uncomment the line
%sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL
Create sudo group
# groupadd sudo
Add user to sudo group
# gpasswd -a arch sudo
Now logout root
user and login as user arch
.
Available VM image
I have made such an installation in a VirtualBox VM which can be found here as a VMDK (Virtual Machine Disk).
Use the VM image
Download the image. Open VirtualBox and create a new VM, in the Create Virtual Machine guide in the Hard Disk section select “Use existing virtual hard disk file” and browse to find the downloaded VM.
Start the vm. Log in as arch:arch. Update with
$ sudo pacman -Syu
Use the VM at your own risk. This VM is made for my own use if I need a new fresh VM.
References
Arch Linux installation guide
Download latest iso (Norwegian link)